Lock



Aug' 30 1927 A. G. HATCH 1640'935 LOCK Filed May 4, 1926 INVENTOR 2 By Alorncys,

NUIII Patented Aug. 30, 1927.

"F lil nai-ram orrica.

ALEXANDER G. minori,` or FAnMINoToN, CoNNECTrCU'n. Assis-'Nonno .THE sEsANmE COMPANY, or HARTFORD, CONNECTICUT, A-ConronA'rioN or CONNECTICUT.r`

LOCK.

Applicationled May 4,

This invention relates to improvements in keyless locks lherein illustrated asl appliedV to'a lock of the cylinder type, -manyforins oi whichv are well known in the. art. It' is peculiarly adapted. for use in connection with the well-known type ot cylinder lock having* a bolt and a latch each capable oi being operated by one 'and the same spindle, the latch being` withdrawn by rotation off the spindle in one direction and therbolt being thrown vtorloclred position by rotation of the spindle in the opposite direction.

lt is an object i' the invention to provide a permutation lock mechanism adapted tor use as a substitute 'for the kkey-operated cylinder mechanism` ornv locks of the labovedeseribed character.. To this end it comprises a spindle rotatablymounted in a mounting` element vand av permutation vlock mechanism to prevent rota ion of said spindle except when.. the tiunblers-thereoi have been'set in a predetermined relationyat. which times the` spindle is freeto be turned in one .direction througjhan'arc .ot sullicient amplitude to withdraw -a latch and is also `ree'to be rotatedvin the opposite oirection through an arcgof suiiicien; amplitude to operate a bolt.r after which it may be again locked'by moving'one or more ot the permutation tumblers out of set position.

ln the form of the invention Yherein shown thel setting* ot the permutation tumblers releases the spindle and .permits it to be freely rotated withoutlimit in either direction. The inventionis intended howeveiyto include any equivalent device in which the' spindleD when released by the setting' ofV the permutation tumblers,4 may be rotated throunjh a sufficient 4'number' oi' degrees,V4

usually thirty degrees'or more, to form 'a practical opera-ting device for a latch, and whichmayy be rotated inthe opposite direction through number of degrees7 .usually sixty degrees or more, to form a practical operating device for abolt.

The invention includes improvements in permutation mechanism and combination-r mechanism herein disclosed as adapted for application-to a'locl ot the above-described character, butin no manner 1926. serial No. 105,614.

One yoi"` the improvements of general application yherein disclosedl and claimed comprises a permutation mechanism having independently sett-able 'permutation tulnblers each including alcoli-controlling element and a settingr element, one of which may be'v disengagedA from the other as afresult ofrelative a al movement, thereby permitting' 'freerotation vof the settingr elements while the lock-controlling elements arev held fast, thus p rovidingineans .whereby the combination of the lock maybe readily changed. i Manipulating means is provided whereby tiis disengagement of the parts of the tumblers may be readily ei'lected Jfrom the exterior ofv the assembled lock, without movingthe -bolt which controls the rotation of the spindle and, in order to insure against the closing and locking of the device to which vthe .lock is `'applied,with the parts lin abnormal relation` motive meanaxherein disclosed. las aspring, is provided wherebythe parts of the lock are immediately restored to normal position after any change is made in the vcombination assoon as rthe tumbler-disengagx ingrl means is released. f In the drawings illustrating theprefe'rred form of the invention/ Figure l is a tace view of vthe permutation mechanism as applied to a cylinder lock. Fig. 2 is'a sectional view tlnfough parts otjthc lock, the section beingr takenv through the pla-ne .indicated by the line 2-2 of Fig. 3, and the parts beingr viewed in the direc tion indicated by the arrows.

lock alongT ,the plane indicated by the line S--B-ot Fig.' 2. the partsv being Viewed in -the direction. indicated by ther arrows.

Fig. 4. is a sectionalview through the vlock along the lplane indicated by the line 4--4 of Figy, vthe part-s being viewed in the direction indicated by the arrows.v

Fig. 5 isa sectional view Athrough a part oi' the lock,'the section being taken along,- the sy a4 sectional view. through., the y `inents' of the permutation wheels. die may be released only bysosetting the. tumblers as to bring the slots 35 in said lock- .havinga flat surface l40 so positioned'as to -by the opposed dat surfaces 40, 41, which will'be .held in close'. proximity.'` by a move- Y ment-obstructing relation between the toes 34 of the locking plate andy portions of the ribs or flanges 36 of the lock-.controlling ele- The spincontrolling elements inalignment. with thetoes 34 of the locking plate .It will be apparent from vthe foregoing descriptionof parts of the invention that, it .the tumblers iare rotated .to positions such th at the slots are brought into registration with the toes 34, and the spindle be rotated by means ofthe manipulator 22, the parts ofthe spindle which cooperate with thel recessed portion 'of the locking plate will act asa cam and :thereby cause the plate 33 to move. away from the spindle and permitits continued rotation from the position indicated incross-section in Fig. .4 to the position indicated. in cross-section in Fig. 2.

- Thisrotation of thel spindle may bewoontinuedlin either-direction without limit.

3.6., preparatory to' the relookingl of' thel spindlev by a movement of one'or more of the tuinblers outl of set re`ation, springs 42 may be provided, as indicated in Figs. 4 and 6, each of `said springs being confined between a seat43 in the mounting element and a seat 44 which may be readily `formed byV providing a right-angle bendin an extendedpoi'tion 45 in the adyacent part of the locking bolt.

tii order to avoid detection of the location of tl e slots 35 by a rotation of .the various permutation wheels whileattempting to rotate the spindle 2l by means'of the manipulator 22, thus lioding the toes34 in contact with the peripheral portions of the flanges said flanges' maybe pit'oiiided with a se-V ries of recesses V46, commonly known as false slots. Such false lotsv will preferably be equally spaced about .said `flanges, kshou`d have entrance port-ions conforming with. the entrance to the real slot, and should cooperate with said real slot to form an equally# spaced series of recesses corresponding in number to the number of positions in which which thev tuinblers maybe set.

.the permutation tumblers.

the permutation wheels areintendedrto'be set.. A.

If desired, the periphery of. some portion of each of the permutationtumblers, pref-y era'bly of the setting element7 maybe proi vided with notches 47 adapted to receive a detent 48 (Figs. and 5),.secured as at '49 Y to any convenient portion `of the mounting clement. These notches should be equal in number to thenumber of positions in which each ofthe .permutation tumblers may be set.. Q 1 f The peripheralportions of the setting elements of the tumblers, parL ofr whiehare valways exposed through the slots may, if desired,\be provided with indicia, herein disclosed as a- Zero (O.) andthe digits l to 9, representative of the various positions in Suitab'e spaces .for such markings are `providf-d between the notches 47, and, if desired, one of the notches maybe differentiatedv from the others, as indicated at- 50, in such manner as to set up an abnormal resistance against. i'o-f' tation past vrthe detent 48 in one direction,-

thereby aHording ineans.l detectible by the sense .of touch, of locating a reference position,'as for example, the zero position of the tumbler. position oit' each tumblery will enable one'having/knowledge of thecombination to *setY the saine Without reliance upon the numbers, so that the lock may be set at nightl without the aid of light, as well as inthe daytinie.

permutation wheelfrom position to position may ybe detected by the sense of touch due Ato the resistance set up between rthe deient 4S'and the wheel as each vof the notches47 passes under the detent. v.It will be apparent that, if the diiferentiated notch is provided, the' application of markings of any character -on the setting elements may be omitted.

A change inthe combination of the loclt may be effected by varying the relativo posi tions Vbetween the locltecontrolling element andthe setting element of one or more of Such vchange is facilitatedtby the two-part tumbler construction providing for vthe separation of the interengaging elements ofthe loch-controlling' elements and the settingelements by relative axial movement. To this end' the siiaft 3() is provided with a shouldered port-ion 5l, which engages the lock-.controlling element at one end of the,` series,'and said shaft is v provided with a nutoi' other fastening .vice 52 which, through the intermediationor anextension or, if desired, a. separate washer element at the opposite end of the series, the

53, engages the end of the ocir-controfiine `three lock controlling elements being con- This ability to detect theA Zerov VThis follows because the movement of th-100 lit) between the parts of the tumblers.

secured. against relative aniahmovement with respect to the shaft 30, suilicient clearance being provided, however, to permit independent rotation lof said elements; The shouldered portion 51 oi the shaft 30 is movable endwise in a bearing- 54 provided .therefor in the mounting element, and is of such a diameter as to be movable axially through a circular opening 55 in the adjacent setting element. The nutextension or `washer 53 is of such diameter as to move endwise in a bearing 56 provided therefor in the mounting element, and the hub portion 37 of the adjacent loch-controlling elc- Ament'is ot' suoli diameter that it may freely enter the ybearing 56. 'llhe hub portion ol each of the lock-controlling elements, except ,the one at the lett end ot theV series', is oi' a" diameter suoli as to freely enter-the opening in the adjacentvsetting element.

From theforegoing construction it will be apparent that the lock-controlling elements of the various tumbleis Vmay be' moved out ot their engaging relations with their setting elements by moving the shaft 30 and the three loch-'controlling,elements lto the lett to a suliicient distance to ydisengngethe keys 32 from the openings 3lv forming the couplings To racititate this uncoupling of the elements oil the tuinblcrs, the sha'tfSO is provided with a head or push-button 57 within a recess in tho mounting element in a convenient position to-be accessible to the thumb or ringer ot the operator.

in order to prevent meddlers from changing the combination when the device toV which the lock is applied is lettin open condition, means is provided whereby such change can only be effected after iirst setting the permutation tuinblers in accordance with In the the combination previously used, torni herein disclosed, this is effected by the appropriate designing ol the parts ot the .tumblers which cooperate with the toes 34 oit the locking plate 33. Except when the tumblers are in set position, the lower right.-

hand corner ot each of the toes Salies in the! path oit axial movement oi" a portion of the adjacent loch-controlling element. Il', therefore, any one of the loch-controlling elements 'is not in set relation, movement of the shatt and connected loch-controlling elements to the lett is prevented. In order to provide for the luncoupling movement of the shaft 8O and connected loch-controlling elements,

each of the loch-controlling elements is provided with clearanceway or notch 59, prefeA VJely in axial alignment with the clearanceway or notch in the movement-obstructing flange 0n setting the tumblers Vin accordance with the combination of the lock, these notches 59 are brought into alignment with the toes 84, after which the shaft 30 may be moved to the lei't, the notches 59 receivingwthe toes G34, thereby .forming vai coupled relation between said toes and the lockcontrolling .element and preventing rotation ofthe latter during the change or the combination ot the Vlock by rotation'ofthe` set-i170 ting elements to new'positions relative to their respective lock-controlling 'elements With the parts ot the combination-changing mechanismconstructed vas herein described, a.change :ot Athe combination byone'V 75 not rtamiliar with the one in accordai'icevwith which theloch is already set, may be prefvented, afteropening the device toy which the lock `is applied, by merely disturbing the coiiibination. be changed only by one capablefotfsetting vthe loch in accordance with'the combination in use at the time.

in the .prererr'ed' torni'Vv ofthe invci'ition herein disclosed, theplacing yof Athe recesses-g5 or notches 35 and 59 in aligninent'malies it possibleto usethe toes 84: of'thelockiiifY plate ask the stops which cooperate with the notches and the partsofthe'rloclcontrolling elements in which said notches au are placed a means tor preventing a change of the combination without Viirst setting the permutation ytuinblers. vvItfwill be apparent, hcwever,that the notches 159 might be`ilii'iei-eiitsly placed, in `which case it would es be necessary to either provide additional stops to cooperate with the loch-controllingy l elements and preventa change of the combinatiomexcept when the tumblershave been Y set in accordancewith the old combination, fia-c or to set the tumblers inaccordance with-a different combination,l for resetting purposes than that used to release the spindle.'

An iinportant-ffeature of the invention consists in means lwhereby the parts ot the mi loch which have been vmoved to abnormal positions to effec-t a change ot' theV combination of the lock are automatically restored` to their normal positions as soon as `the `above-described coupling disabling means im has beenA released, thus preventing the poscibility oi closing thedevice with the parts oi" the permutation tumblers in anuncoupled relation. This is ot importance since, should the device become locked with the parts so with are moved to the right, therebyrestor- The combination may the-nig() herein disclosed, 12e

This spring es ling tuinblers each having` a rotatablelockcontrolling element, a concentrically mount.

ed, directly accessible setting'element therefor, and a coupling normally preventing relative rotary movement. between said elements, said tumbler elementsA being relatively movable axially lto disengage theirir coupling elements and thereby render them ineifective, a coupling disabling device, ac

cessible from'the exterior of the assembled.

lock and-movable independently of said bolt, whereby a relative axial couplingdisabling movement between the elements of a tumbler may be'efected, thereby permitting one ot' its elements to be'rotatedr by direct manipulationy independently of the other, 'andfmotive means to restore said 'coupling to its normal elfective relation and maintain it so.

2. A permutation lock comprising'` a bolt independently settable rotary bolt-controlling tumblers each havingy a rotatable lockcontrolling element, a concentrically mounted, directly accessible setting element therefor, and a coupling normally preventing re1- ative rotary movement between said ele'- ments, said tumbler elements being relatively movable axially to disengage their coupling elements and thereby render them I ineective,k.a single couplingdisabling device, accessible froml the exterior of the assembled lock and movable Vindependently yof saidpbolt, whereby relative axial coupling disabling` movements between the elements of all otl said tumblers maybe effected, thereby permitting one element of each to be rotated by direct manipulation independently of the other, and motive means to restore said couplings to. .their normal effec'- tive relations and maint-ain them so.

3. A permutation lockcomprisinga bolt,

rotary tumblers to control the movements of'said bolt, each havingr a rotatableiloclccontrolling elementjand a concentrically mounted setting element, said tumbler A.elements having couplings comprising interengaging elements normally preventing relative angular movement, the lock-control-fling element of each tumbler being movableA axially to cliseiigage'its coupling elements and render them ineiTec-tive, a stop for eachv tumbler preventing axial movement of its lock-controlling element'except when setin a predeterminedposition, a clearanceway in said lock-controlling element toreceive said stop when'sov set and.y thereby permit such axial movement, a coupling disabling device accessible from the exterior of the assembled lock and movable independently of said bolt,

whereby a set lock-controlling element mayl niovedaxially out of its normal coupled relation with'its setting element into a position in which rotation is prevented by the engaging relation between its stop-and parts-V of said lockcontrollingelement adjacent its clearanceway, thereby permitting its setting element to be freely rotated while said locli controlling element is held fast, and motive means to restore saidflock-controlling element to its normal coupled relation with its setting element and to maintain it in such normal coupled relation therewith.

- 4t. A permutation lock comprising a bolt,

tumblers to control the movements oi lsaid bolt, each h'aving'a rotatablev lockt-controlling element and Va concentrically mounted setting element, said tumbler elements hav-V ing couplings comprising interengaging elements normally preventing relative angular movement, the lock-controlling element" of each tumbler being movableaxially to ldisengage its coupling elements and render them ineifective, a stop for each tumbler preventing axial movement of its lock-controlling element. except when set in a predetermined position, aclearanceway in said lock-controlling element to receive said stop when so set-.sand thereby permit suoli axial movement, a singlev coupling disabling device accessible from the exterior of the assembled lock and ymovable independently ot are held fast, and motive'means to restore lll' su f

said lock-controlling elements to their nor-4 v mal coupled relations with their setting ele! ments and to maintain them inV such normal coupled relation therewith.` l

5. A permutation lock. Vcomprisingv a casing, a. shaft mounted therein, aV plurality of compositeA permutation wheels, journaletl fon said shaft, each comprising a lock-controlling el'ement anda concentrically mount'- ed setting element, a bolt controlled in its. movements by said lock-controlling f elements, means preventing relative axial movement between each otsaid settingele ments andv said casing, means preventing 'relative axial movements between said lock-v controlling elements and y said shaft, couplings comprising"interengaging elements normally preventing relative angular movement between each ot said lock-controlling elements and its setting-element,

and lock-controlling,Y elements b movable axially in one direction independently ing, a shaft mounted therein, a plurality ot FOv composite permutation wheels, 'journaled on said shaft, each comprisino' a lock-controlling element' and a. concentrically mounted setting element, a bolt controlled in its movements by said lock-controlling elements,

means preventing relative axial movement between each of said setting;- elements and said casing, means proventinp,V relative axial movements between said lock-controlling elements and said shait, couplings comprising intercngaging elements nor ally pre'- venting relative angular movement between each of said lock-controlling? elements and its setting' element, said shan; and look-controllingV elements beingv movable axially in one direction independently ot said bolt to -disengagey the elements ot said couplings, and permit said setting,- elements to be rotated independently of said lock-controlling elements, stopsv preventing axial coupling disabling movements of said 'shaft and lool(- controlling elements except when said lockcontrolling elements are set in predeterminec positions, said stops and parts ot saidY lockcontrolling elements being` so disposedas to be brought into engagement and Yprevent rotation of said lock-controlling` elements when moved out of their coupled relations with said setting` elements, anda spring to return said shaft and loch-controlling` l ments to their normalpositions and ther,

' restore the eliiectivness ofsaid couplings.

'l'. il. permutation lock mechanism adapted 'for application to a loclr having a bolt and a latch capable ot being operated by a single spindle, said lock mechanism comprising a mounting' element, a spindle rotatably mounted therein, and a spindle-locking mechanism including` a movement-obstructing` portion, movable into the path of rotational movement of a portion ol' said spin-rile,

' and independently settable permutation tuinblers opposing the withdrawal ot said movenient-obstiiicting;` portion and lthereby preventing` the rotation ot said spindle in either directionexcept when said tumblers are set in a predetermined relation, the movementobstructing); portions of said spindle and spindle-locking mechanism being so disposed and proportioned as to permit, when said tuinblers are in said set relation', a latchreleasing` vrotation of saidV spindle, Vof not said shaft i less than 30 degrees, in one directionfandV a boli-operatinnl rotation thereof, of not less than GO'degi-ees, in the opposite direction;

v8. A permutation loclr mechanism adaptedl for application to a lock having a boltv and s ing; portion, movable into the path of rotational movement of a portion of said spindle, and independently settable permutation tumblers opposing the withdrawal ot said movement-obstructing portion and thereby preventing the rotation oi said spindle' iny either direction except when said tuinbleis are set in a predetermined relation, the-movement-obstructing portions of said spindle :ind spindle-locking mechanisinbeing so disposed and proportioned as to permit, when y said tuinblers are in saidset relation,.a latchreleasing` rotation ot said spindle, of `not Cil less than 30 deg-rees, in onedirection, and a Y bolt-operatingi rotation thereof, of not less than 360 degrees, in the opposite direction.

. 9. .A permutation l'oclr mechanism adapted forv application to a lock having,` a bolt and a latch capable oit' being operated by ar single spindle, said lock mechanism comprisingv a mounting` element, a spindle rotatably mounted therein, and a spindle-locking mechanism including a movement-obstructing` portion, movable into the path oi rotational niovementoi'f aV portion Yoit said spindle,f and independently settable permirtation tiiinblers opposing thev Withdrawal ot said ,movement-obstructing portion and lill) thereby preventing the. rotation ot`-said.

spindle in either direction except when said tuinblers areset ina predetermined rela tion, the movement-obstructing ,portions oli said spindle and spindle-lockingmechanism beingso disposed and proportioned as to permit said spindle to be rotated in either direction wit-hout limit when said tuinblers are in said set relation. Y 1 10. A permutation mechanism 'lor a key-V less lock comprising` a mounting element, a

spindle rotatably mounted therein, a spindlef locking element movable into and out oit an effective locking position, saidspindle andits locking; element havingopposed parte ot appropriate relative size and .fornito prevent a rotation ot. said spindle, in either direction-when said locking. element is held tast in its eiliective position, but permitting said spindletobe rotated trom its locked l posit-ion through not less tha-n30 degrees in one direction and not less'than 60 degrees inthe oppositedirection when said ylocking` element is itree, `motive means tendin'gto maintain said locking element in its effective position and toA return it rthereto rwhen., ref' moved theretroimand permutation .tumblers o -ill having lock-controlling lelements movable into the paths ot" spindle-releasing movement of parts of said locking element, said lock-controlling elements having clearanceways so disposed as to receive the opposed portions ot said lockingelement and permit a spindle-releasing movement to be imparted thereto only after said tumblersA have been set in accordance with a predeterminedcombination. l t

1115A permutation mechanism for a keyless lock comprising a mounting element, a spindle rotatably mounted therein, a spindlelocking element movable intopand out of an eilectivevlocking position, said spindle and its locking element having opposed parts ol appropriate relative size and loi'm to pre-` venta rotation ofsaid spindle in either Ydirection when said locking element is held fast. in its effective position, but permitting said spindle to be rotated fromV its locked position through notv less than Odegrees in one directionand not less than 360 degiees in the opposite direction when said locking element is vfree, motive means tending to maintain said locking element in its effective position and'to return it thereto when removed therefrom` and permutation tumbler-s having lock-controlling elements movable into the paths of spindle-releasing movement of parts of said locking element, said lock-controlling elementshaving clearanceways rso disposed asA to receive'the opposed portions of said locking element and permit a spindle-releasing movement to be vimparted thereto only after said tumblers have been set in accordance With a predetermined combination.

l2; A permutation mechanism for a keyless lock comprising a mounting element, a spindle rotatably mounted therein, a spindlelocking element movable into and out of an eiiective locking position, said spindle and its locking element having opposed parts of appropriate relative size and form to prevent a rotation oit said spindlein 'either direction when said locking element isheld tast in its effective position, but permitting' said spindle to be rotated in either direction without limit when said locking element is free, motive means tending to maintain said locking element in its effective position and to return'it thereto when removed therefrom,

and permutation tumblers'having lock-controlling elements movable into'the paths of spindle-releasing movement of parts of said locking element, said lock-controlling elements having clearanceways so disposed as to receive the opposed portions of said locking element and permit a spindle-releasing movement to be imparted thereto Aonly after said tumblers-have been set'inaccordance with a predetermined combination. A

18. A permutation mechanism for a key-v less loclr comprising a mounting element, a

spindle rotatably mounted therein, a spindlelocking element'movable 'into and out of an effective lockingpositioii, motive lmeans tending to maintain said locking element inv .J- 7 n 'n f -k n its etlective` position and to return it thereto when removed therefrom, and. permutation tiimblers `having lock-controlling elements movable into the paths oiC spindle-releasing movement of parts of said locking element, saidlock-ccntrolling elements having clearanceways so disposed as to vreceive rthe op- ,posed portions of said locking element and permit a spindle-releasing movement tobe imparted thereto only after said tnmblers have been set in accordance with a predetermined combination, and said spindle and its locking element having-opposed parts o'fappropriate relative size and form to pre-r vent a rotation of said spindle in either' direction when said locking element is held` rast in effective position byy said loch-controlling elements, to cause lsaid locking element to be moved into the cleaiancew'ays in said lock-controlling elements by rotation oit lsaid spindle in either direction'atter settingl said tumblers, and-to prevent the withdrawal or" said locking element from the clearanceways kin said lock-controlling elements without restoring said spindle to the position in which it is to be locked.

14. A permutation tumbler for a keyless lock comprising a lock-controlling` element having two cylindrical portions of dilferent .diameters connected vin a concentric butv axially displaced relation, the portion of smaller diameter having a radial slot therein extending inwardly from its peripheral surface, and a setting element comprising a laterally flanged ,diskl of appropriate size and form 'to cap the larger 'of the two cylindrical portions of said lock-controlling elel5. A permutation tumbler for a keylessan axial direction from its lateral surface nearest the portion of smaller diameter, andv a set-ting element comprising a laterally langed disk of appropriate size and form vto cap the largerof the tWo cylindrical portions of said lock-controlling element, said Vtumbler elements having coupling elements f normally preventing 'relative rotation bemiV tween vsaid setting element and said lockccntrollinif element but readil eenarable eoV L; Y l 7 as; to permit such rotation, by moving Said lock-controlling element axially with reepect 'to said Setting element.

' i6. riA permutation 'tumbler for a keyless loch conipriling a look-controlling element having twov cylindrical portions oi: diiferent diametera Connected in a Aconcentric but axialiy displaced relation, the portion of Smaller diameter' having a radial slot therein extending' inwardly from its peripheral surface, and the portion of larger diameter having' a clearanceway therein extending in an ai-:ial direction A'fi-oni its lateral surface nearest the portiofi of smaller diameter, the said slot and clearanceway being in axial Y alignment, and a setting,y eiement comprising` a iaterally tianged disk of appropriate size and form to cap the larger of the tivo cylindrical portions of said'lock-controlling element,eaid tumbler elemente havin?" coun piling,` elements normally preventing relative rotation between Said nettingA element and said melt-controlling element but readily separable, so as to permit such rotation, by

moving said loclr-controlling element axially with. respect to said setting element;

17. A permutation mechanism for akey-` lees loch comprising a mounting element, a boit-operating` spindlefrotatabiy y:mounted therein, `and spindle-leaking inechan-isn'i comprising permutation tumblers prevent,-

lin?,` a rotation of Said Spindle' except when said tumblers have been seit in vaccordance with a predeterminedcombination, the parteA orming the locking connectionbetween said Spindle and said tuinblers including 'tninbier-lockingv nieanfs caused to be moved into a locking relation with Said tumblers by anyy rotation ol `eaid spindle out of av looked position, lsaid tumblers beingY releaeable only by returnin` Said Spindle `to Sai-d lookedVV position, either by an'equal return rotation, or by an `('idditional advance rotation of 360 degrees lesse the degrees of rotation previ#k ALEXANDER Gi HATCH.. 

